I. Introduction to plants.

    A. Definition: Multicellular photosynthetic eukaryotes.
    B. Characteristics:
        1. Contain chlorophyll, chloroplasts.
        2. Cell walls of cellulose.
        3. Sessile.
        4. Alternation of generations.

II. The Kingdom "Plantae."
 

Division	Class	Large Groupings
Chlorophyta (Green)					Algae
Rhodophyta (Red)
Phaeophyta (Brown)
Bryophyta			Non- vascular Plants (Bryophytes)	Spore Plants	Land Plants
	Hepatophyta (Liverworts)
	Anthocerotophyta (Hornworts)
	Musci (Mosses)
Psilophyta (Whisk Ferns)			Vascular Plants (Tracheophytes)
Lycophyta (Club Mosses)
Sphenophyta (Horsetails)
Pteridophyta (Ferns)
Cycdophyta (Cycads)		Gymnosperms		Seed Plants
Ginkgophyta (Ginkgos)
Gnetophyta
Coniferophyta (Conifers)
Anthophyta		Angiosperms
	Monocotyledoneae
	Dicotyledoneae

Note: Italics indicates Division name.

III. Algae.

    A. Common Characteristics.
        1. Non-vascular.
        2. Chlorophyll a.

    B. Differences
        1. Other chlorophylls.
        2. Food storage.

    C. Red Algae.
        1. Uni- and multi-cellular types - up to 1m long.
        2. Most marine.
        3. No other chlorophyll.
        4. Store food as starch.

    D. Brown Algae.
        1. Only multicellular types - microscopic filaments to 70m.
        2. Most marine.
        3. Chlorophyll c.
        4. Store food as laminarin.
        5. Used as fertilizer, fodder, in ice cream.

    E. Green Algae.
        1. Most small and simple, many unicellular types; large # species.
        2. Most freshwater; many marine; moist rocks, trees, soil.
        3. Chlorophyll b.
        4. Store food as starch.

Lesson 09    Outline list    Lesson 11