Fundamentals of Biology
Lesson 10
The Plant Kingdom; Algae
I. Introduction to plants.
A. Definition: Multicellular photosynthetic eukaryotes.
B. Characteristics:
1. Contain chlorophyll, chloroplasts.
2. Cell walls of cellulose.
3. Sessile.
4. Alternation of generations.
II. The Kingdom "Plantae."
Division |
Class |
Large Groupings |
Chlorophyta (Green) |
|
Algae |
Rhodophyta (Red) |
Phaeophyta (Brown) |
Bryophyta |
|
|
Non- vascular Plants
(Bryophytes) |
Spore
Plants |
Land
Plants |
|
Hepatophyta (Liverworts) |
|
Anthocerotophyta (Hornworts) |
|
Musci (Mosses) |
Psilophyta (Whisk Ferns) |
|
Vascular Plants
(Tracheophytes) |
Lycophyta (Club Mosses) |
Sphenophyta (Horsetails) |
Pteridophyta (Ferns) |
Cycdophyta (Cycads) |
|
Gymnosperms |
Seed
Plants |
Ginkgophyta (Ginkgos) |
Gnetophyta |
Coniferophyta (Conifers) |
Anthophyta |
|
Angiosperms |
|
Monocotyledoneae |
|
Dicotyledoneae |
Note: Italics indicates Division name.
III. Algae.
A. Common Characteristics.
1. Non-vascular.
2. Chlorophyll a.
B. Differences
1. Other chlorophylls.
2. Food storage.
C. Red Algae.
1. Uni- and multi-cellular types - up
to 1m long.
2. Most marine.
3. No other chlorophyll.
4. Store food as starch.
D. Brown Algae.
1. Only multicellular types -
microscopic filaments to 70m.
2. Most marine.
3. Chlorophyll c.
4. Store food as laminarin.
5. Used as fertilizer, fodder, in ice
cream.
E. Green Algae.
1. Most small and simple, many
unicellular types; large # species.
2. Most freshwater; many marine;
moist rocks, trees, soil.
3. Chlorophyll b.
4. Store food as starch.
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